✦ History
Duchy of Parma and Piacenza · State

Duke of Parma

One holder at a time · 5 terms · 1765–1859

Previous holders 5

Robert I of Parma 1854–1859 Charles III of Parma 1849–1854 Charles II of Parma 1847–1849 Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma Duchess 1814–1847 Ferdinand I of Parma 1765–1802