Taiping Rebellion
December 1, 1850 – August 30, 1864
Civil war in China, 1850–1864, between the Qing dynasty and Hong Xiuquan's Taiping Heavenly Kingdom; Hong proclaimed himself the younger brother of Jesus and sought to overthrow the Qing. With 20–30 million dead, perhaps the deadliest civil war in history; the Qing won with armies such as Zeng Guofan's Xiang Army, but left the dynasty weakened and spurred the Self-Strengthening Movement.
Battles and events 12
January 11, 1851
September 11 – November 30, 1852
Battle of Changsha (1852)
Taiping retreat, siege lifted
Battle of Changsha (1852)
Hong Xiuquan, Xiao Chaogui, Jiang Zhongyuan
March 8–19, 1853
Battle of Nanjing (1853)
Taiping victory
Battle of Nanjing (1853)
Qin Rigang, Yang Xiuqing, Wei Changhui
May 8, 1853 – May 31, 1855
Northern Expedition (Taiping Rebellion)
Qing victory
Northern Expedition (Taiping Rebellion)
Qishan, Sengge Rinchen
May 19, 1853
September 2, 1856 – October 1856
November 7–18, 1858
Battle of Sanhe
Taiping rebel victory, due to Green Standard Army delay
Battle of Sanhe
Zhang Lexing, Li Xiucheng, Chen Yucheng
April 1, 1860 – September 5, 1861
May 15, 1860
July 1861 – November 1862
Battle of Shanghai (1861–1862)
Qing dynasty victory
Shanghai
Li Hongzhang, Li Xiucheng, Frederick Townsend Ward
September 20–21, 1862
March 14 – July 19, 1864
Key commanders
Qing dynasty 7
Xianfeng Emperor
head of state/government
Zeng Guofan
Commander of the Xiang Army, Led the Qing campaign that crushed the rebellion
Jiang Zhongyuan
military commander
Qishan
military commander
Sengge Rinchen
military commander
Zeng Guoquan
military commander
Frederick Townsend Ward
military commander
