Republic of Texas

State · 1836–1846 · Capital: Washington-on-the-Brazos

The Republic of Texas was a short-lived sovereign country in North America from March 2, 1836, to February 19, 1846. It emerged from the Texas Revolution of 1835-1836, in which delegates proclaimed the Texas Declaration of Independence and defeated the forces of Mexican President Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna; Mexico, however, refused to recognize its independence and considered it a rebellious province for its entire existence. France, the United Kingdom, and the United States eventually recognized Texas and adopted trade relations. Texas was annexed by the United States on December 29, 1845, and was admitted to the Union as the 28th state, with the transfer of power formally taking place on February 19, 1846; the annexation led to the Mexican-American War.