✦ History

Algerian War of Independence

November 1, 1954 – March 19, 1962

Armed conflict between France and the Algerian National Liberation Front (FLN), 1954-1962, ending with Algeria's independence. Opened by the FLN's Toussaint Rouge attacks on 1 November 1954, it was fought mainly as guerrilla warfare in Algeria, with repercussions in metropolitan France; it brought down France's Fourth Republic and ushered in the Fifth Republic.

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Battles 4

November 1, 1954
Toussaint Rouge Toussaint Rouge
August 20–25, 1955
Philippeville massacre Philippeville massacre Youcef Zighoud, Salah Boubnider, Paul Aussaresses
January 7 – October 8, 1957
Battle of Algiers (1956–1957) Battle of Algiers (1956–1957) Benyoucef Benkhedda, Abane Ramdane, Krim Belkacem
February 1, 1959 – April 1, 1961
Challe Plan Challe Plan Houari Boumédiène, Colonel Amirouche

Key commanders

FLN 12

Houari Boumédiène belligerent leader Mohamed Boudiaf belligerent leader Rabah Bitat belligerent leader Ahmed Ben Bella belligerent leader Ferhat Abbas belligerent leader Krim Belkacem belligerent leader Larbi Ben M'hidi belligerent leader Youcef Zighoud military commander Salah Boubnider military commander Benyoucef Benkhedda military commander Abane Ramdane military commander Colonel Amirouche military commander

France 4

Paul Aussaresses military commander Jacques Massu military commander Marcel Maurice Bigeard military commander Yves Godard military commander

Other 1

Charles de Gaulle belligerent leader