Italian unification
March 18, 1848 – January 26, 1871
Political and military movement, the Risorgimento, that joined the states of the Italian peninsula into the Kingdom of Italy, proclaimed in 1861, with Rome as capital from 1871.
Battles and events 13
1848 – 1849
First Italian War of Independence
Austrian victory
Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia
Napoleon III, Alfonso Ferrero La Marmora, Victor Emmanuel II
April 27 – July 11, 1859
Second Italian War of Independence
Franco-Sardinian victory
Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia
Franz Joseph I of Austria, Napoleon III, Patrice de MacMahon
June 24, 1859
Battle of Solferino
Franco-Sardinian victory
Solferino
Franz Joseph I of Austria, Napoleon III, Patrice de MacMahon
May 5 – October 26, 1860
Expedition of the Thousand
Garibaldine victory
Marsala, Sicily
Victor Emmanuel II, Giuseppe Garibaldi, Francis II of the Two Sicilies
May 15, 1860
July 17–24, 1860
Battle of Milazzo (1860)
Garibaldine victory
Milazzo
Giuseppe Garibaldi, Giacomo Medici, Enrico Cosenz
September 11–29, 1860
Piedmontese invasion of the Papal States (1860)
Sardinian victory; annexation of Marche and Umbria
Umbria · Marche
Victor Emmanuel II, Pope Pius IX, Manfredo Fanti
September 26 – October 2, 1860
November 5, 1860 – February 13, 1861
March 17, 1861
August 29, 1862
November 3, 1867
September 20, 1870
