✦ History

North African campaign

June 10, 1940 – May 16, 1943

Result Allied victory

British Commonwealth forces fought Italian and German armies across Egypt, Libya and Tunisia. After battles such as El Alamein and the Allied landings in Morocco and Algeria, the Axis forces in Tunisia surrendered in May 1943.

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Battles 5

June 11, 1940 – February 4, 1943
Western Desert campaign Allied victory Western Desert, Egypt–Libya border Archibald Wavell, Bernard Montgomery, Erwin Rommel
June 15–17, 1941
Operation Battleaxe Axis victory Cyrenaica Archibald Wavell, Erwin Rommel, Italo Gariboldi
November 18 – December 30, 1941
Operation Crusader Allied victory Egypt Willoughby Norrie, 1st Baron Norrie, Erwin Rommel, Claude Auchinleck
January 21, 1942
Sonderkommando Blaich Axis victory N'Djamena
November 17, 1942 – May 13, 1943
Tunisian campaign Allied victory Tunis Dwight D. Eisenhower, George S. Patton, Bernard Montgomery

Key commanders

Allies 10

Dwight D. Eisenhower General, Supreme Allied commander, Mediterranean George S. Patton Lieutenant General, Commander of the US II Corps Bernard Montgomery military commander Harold Alexander General, Commander of the 18th Army Group Alphonse Juin military commander Henri Giraud military commander Archibald Wavell belligerent leader Claude Auchinleck military commander Alan Cunningham military commander Neil Ritchie military commander

Axis 12

Erwin Rommel military commander Albert Kesselring military commander Hans-Jürgen von Arnim General, Commander of Army Group Africa from 9 March 1943; surrendered 12 May 1943 Giovanni Messe Marshal, Commander of the Italian First Army Vittorio Ambrosio military commander Rodolfo Graziani belligerent leader Georg Stumme military commander Italo Balbo belligerent leader Ugo Cavallero belligerent leader Italo Gariboldi military commander Curio Barbasetti di Prun military commander Ettore Bastico military commander

Allies of World War II 7

Dwight D. Eisenhower military commander Archibald Wavell military commander Bernard Montgomery military commander Harold Alexander military commander Claude Auchinleck military commander Alan Cunningham military commander Neil Ritchie military commander

Axis powers 12

Erwin Rommel military commander Albert Kesselring military commander Rodolfo Graziani military commander Hans-Jürgen von Arnim military commander Giovanni Messe military commander Georg Stumme military commander François Darlan military commander Italo Balbo military commander Ugo Cavallero military commander Vittorio Ambrosio military commander Italo Gariboldi military commander Ettore Bastico military commander

UK 5

Willoughby Norrie, 1st Baron Norrie military commander Claude Auchinleck military commander Alan Cunningham military commander Alfred Reade Godwin-Austen military commander Neil Ritchie military commander

Kingdom of Italy 4

Erwin Rommel military commander Gastone Gambara military commander Ludwig Crüwell military commander Ettore Bastico military commander

British India 1

Archibald Wavell military commander

Nazi Germany 2

Erwin Rommel military commander Italo Gariboldi military commander