Wars of the Three Kingdoms

1639 – 1653

Result Parliamentarian victory

Royalists, Parliamentarians, Covenanters and Irish Confederates fought across England, Scotland and Ireland; Charles I was executed and a Commonwealth set up.

Overview Contemporaries

Royalists (Cavaliers)

Covenanters

Confederate Ireland

Royalists (Cavaliers)

Covenanters

Confederate Ireland

Charles I of England military commander

Prince Rupert of the Rhine military commander

James Butler, 1st Duke of Ormond military commander

Archibald Campbell, 1st Marquess of Argyll military commander

Alexander Leslie, 1st Earl of Leven military commander

Owen Roe O'Neill military commander Thomas Preston, 1st Viscount Tara military commander

Battles 3

Bishops' Wars March 21, 1639 – September 1640 · Covenanter victory
English Civil War 1642 – September 3, 1651 · Parliamentarian victory
- Battle of Worcester September 3, 1651 · Decisive Parliamentarian victory
First English Civil War 1642 – 1646 · Parliamentarian victory
- Battle of Marston Moor July 2, 1644 · Parliamentarian-Scottish victory
- Battle of Naseby June 14, 1645 · Parliamentarian victory