Orenburg
City
Russian city on the Ural River, founded as a frontier fortress in 1743 and first capital of the Kazakh ASSR.
Held by
- 1789 – September 14, 1917 Russian Empire
- September 14, 1917 – December 30, 1922 Russia
- June 29, 1918 – December 23, 1918 Whites Military occupation
- December 30, 1922 – December 25, 1991 Soviet Union
- since December 26, 1991 Russia
Capital of
- August 26, 1920 – 1925 Kazakh ASSR