Ashgabat
City
Capital of Turkmenistan, rebuilt after the 1948 earthquake.
Held by
- September 21, 1881 – September 14, 1917 Russian Empire
- September 14, 1917 – November 7, 1917 Russia
- December 6, 1917 – December 30, 1922 Russia
- December 30, 1922 – December 25, 1991 Soviet Union
- since December 26, 1991 Turkmenistan