✦ History

Portuguese Colonial War

February 4, 1961 – April 25, 1974

Portugal fought independence movements in Angola, Guinea-Bissau and Mozambique. The war ended after the Carnation Revolution in Portugal, and the colonies became independent.

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Battles 3

February 4, 1961 – April 25, 1974
Angolan War of Independence Angola Agostinho Neto, Lúcio Lara
December 1961 – December 19, 1961
Indian annexation of Goa Portuguese India Jawaharlal Nehru, Rajendra Prasad, António de Oliveira Salazar
September 25, 1964 – September 8, 1974
Mozambican War of Independence Portuguese Mozambique Joaquim Chissano, Samora Moisés Machel

Key commanders

MPLA 9

José Eduardo dos Santos belligerent leader Agostinho Neto belligerent leader Lúcio Lara belligerent leader Aristides Pereira belligerent leader João Bernardo Vieira belligerent leader Luís Cabral belligerent leader Joaquim Chissano belligerent leader Samora Moisés Machel belligerent leader Amílcar Cabral belligerent leader

Estado Novo 4

Américo Tomás belligerent leader António de Spínola belligerent leader Francisco da Costa Gomes belligerent leader António de Oliveira Salazar belligerent leader

India 4

Jawaharlal Nehru military commander Rajendra Prasad military commander Vengalil Krishnan Krishna Menon military commander Joyanto Nath Chaudhuri military commander

Mozambique 2

Joaquim Chissano belligerent leader Samora Moisés Machel belligerent leader