Sino-French War
August 22, 1884 – April 4, 1885 · Tonkin and the Taiwan Strait
Limited conflict from August 1884 to April 1885 between France and Qing China over influence in Vietnam, with no declaration of war. France won most engagements, but Qing land successes and other pressures forced negotiations; the Qing ceded its sphere over Northern and Central Vietnam, the French protectorates of Tonkin and Annam, and both sides ratified the Treaty of Tientsin.
