✦ History

Spanish American wars of independence

September 25, 1808 – December 29, 1833

Result Patriot victory

Wars in which Spain's colonies in the Americas won independence. By 1826 Spain held only Cuba and Puerto Rico.

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Battles 28

1809 – 1826
Peruvian War of Independence Patriot victory Viceroyalty of Peru Simón Bolívar, José de San Martín, Antonio José de Sucre
1809 – 1825
Bolivian War of Independence Patriot victory Bolivia Simón Bolívar, Antonio José de Sucre, Andrés de Santa Cruz
1810 – 1816
Argentine War of Independence Argentine victory Argentina José de San Martín, Bernardo O'Higgins, Mariano Osorio
1810 – 1823
Venezuelan War of Independence Patriot victory Viceroyalty of New Granada Simón Bolívar, Antonio José de Sucre, Ferdinand VII
July 20, 1810 – April 2, 1825
Colombian War of Independence Colombian and Allied victory Simón Bolívar, Ferdinand VII, José María Barreiro Manjón
September 1810 – March 1811
Paraguay campaign
September 16, 1810 – September 27, 1821
Mexican War of Independence Mexican victory and Independence agreement Dolores Hidalgo Antonio López de Santa Anna, Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, Agustín de Iturbide
November 7, 1810
Battle of Suipacha Provinces of the Río de la Plata victory Bolivia José de Córdoba y Rojas, Antonio González de Balcarce, Juan José Castelli
May 18, 1811
Battle of Las Piedras (1811) Revolutionary victory
1812
Chilean War of Independence Patriots victory Chile José de San Martín, Bernardo O'Higgins, Mariano Osorio
September 24–25, 1812
Battle of Tucumán United Provinces victory Battle of Tucumán Pío de Tristán
February 20, 1813
Battle of Salta Decisive United Provinces victory Battle of Salta Pío de Tristán
May 17, 1814
Battle of Buceo Montevideo
October 1–2, 1814
Battle of Rancagua Royalist victory Battle of Rancagua Bernardo O'Higgins, Mariano Osorio
August 26 – December 6, 1815
Siege of Cartagena (1815) Spanish victory Siege of Cartagena (1815) Pablo Morillo, Francisco Tomás Morales
November 28, 1815
Battle of Viluma Royalist victory Cochabamba Department Joaquín de la Pezuela, 1st Marquess of Viluma
February 12, 1817
Battle of Chacabuco Victory for the Army of the Andes Battle of Chacabuco José de San Martín, Bernardo O'Higgins
April 5, 1818
Battle of Maipú Patriot victory Battle of Maipú Mariano Osorio
August 7, 1819
Battle of Boyacá Patriot victory Battle of Boyacá Simón Bolívar, José María Barreiro Manjón, Francisco de Paula Santander
1820 – 1823
Ecuadorian War of Independence Patriot victory
February 3–4, 1820
Capture of Valdivia Chilean victory Capture of Valdivia Thomas Cochrane, Jorge Beauchef
June 24, 1821
Battle of Carabobo Venezuelan victory Battle of Carabobo Simón Bolívar, José Antonio Páez, Miguel de la Torre y Pando
October 26, 1821 – September 11, 1829
Spanish attempts to reconquer Mexico Mexican victory Antonio López de Santa Anna, Agustín de Iturbide, Ferdinand VII
April 7, 1822
Battle of Ica Royalist victory Ica Department José de Canterac
May 24, 1822
Battle of Pichincha Rebel victory Battle of Pichincha Antonio José de Sucre, Andrés de Santa Cruz, José María Córdova
July 24, 1823
Battle of Lake Maracaibo Colombian victory Battle of Lake Maracaibo José Prudencio Padilla
August 6, 1824
Battle of Junín Patriot victory Battle of Junín Simón Bolívar, Antonio José de Sucre, José de Canterac
December 9, 1824
Battle of Ayacucho Patriot Forces victory Battle of Ayacucho Antonio José de Sucre, Agustín Gamarra, José de la Serna, 1st Count of the Andes

Key commanders

Patriots 33

Simón Bolívar Liberator, Led the independence of Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia José de San Martín General, Led the independence of Argentina, Chile and Peru Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla Priest, Began the Mexican revolt in 1810 Agustín de Iturbide General, Completed Mexican independence in 1821 Bernardo O'Higgins Supreme Director of Chile, Fought with San Martín for Chilean independence Antonio José de Sucre General, Won the final battle at Ayacucho in 1824 Antonio López de Santa Anna belligerent leader Guadalupe Victoria belligerent leader Vicente Guerrero belligerent leader Ignacio López Rayón military commander Ignacio Allende military commander Thomas Cochrane military commander Jorge Beauchef military commander Francisco de Paula Santander military commander José Antonio Páez military commander Andrés de Santa Cruz military commander José María Córdova military commander José Prudencio Padilla military commander Agustín Gamarra military commander Camilo Torres Tenorio belligerent leader William Brown military commander Manuel Belgrano military commander Antonio González de Balcarce military commander Juan José Castelli military commander Francisco de Miranda military commander Santiago Mariño military commander Carlos Soublette military commander Cristóbal de Mendoza military commander Francisco Espejo military commander Ramón Castilla military commander José de la Riva Agüero military commander José Ballivián belligerent leader Miguel Barragán military commander

Royalists 19

Ferdinand VII belligerent leader Francisco Javier Venegas belligerent leader Félix María Calleja del Rey, 1st Count of Calderón belligerent leader Juan Ruiz de Apodaca, 1st Count of Venadito military commander Pío de Tristán military commander Mariano Osorio military commander Pablo Morillo military commander Francisco Tomás Morales military commander José María Barreiro Manjón military commander Miguel de la Torre y Pando military commander José de Canterac military commander José de la Serna, 1st Count of the Andes military commander José Fernando de Abascal y Sousa military commander Joaquín de la Pezuela, 1st Marquess of Viluma military commander Jacinto de Romarate military commander Gaspar de Vigodet military commander José Manuel de Goyeneche, 1st Count of Guaqui military commander José de Córdoba y Rojas military commander Andrés de Santa Cruz belligerent leader

Reign of Ferdinand VII of Spain 5

Ferdinand VII military commander José María Barreiro Manjón military commander Pablo Morillo belligerent leader Miguel Tacón y Rosique military commander Isidro Barrada military commander

Mapuche 6

José de San Martín belligerent leader Bernardo O'Higgins belligerent leader Joaquín Prieto belligerent leader Manuel Blanco Encalada belligerent leader Ramón Freire belligerent leader Thomas Cochrane belligerent leader

Viceroyalty of New Granada 6

Ferdinand VII military commander José María Barreiro Manjón military commander Miguel de la Torre y Pando military commander Pablo Morillo military commander Vicente Emparán military commander Francisco Tomás Morales military commander

Spain 3

José de Córdoba y Rojas military commander Ferdinand VII military commander Isidro Barrada military commander