Andrew Bonar Law

September 16, 1858 – October 30, 1923

Canadian-born British Conservative politician who led his party from 1911 to 1921 and in 1922-1923, and was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from October 1922 to May 1923.

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Biography

Andrew Bonar Law was born in 1858 in Kingston, New Brunswick, the son of a Free Church of Scotland minister, and moved to Scotland in 1870 to live with relatives. He attended the High School of Glasgow but left at sixteen to work in his relatives' merchant bank and then as a partner in William Jacks's iron firm, becoming wealthy by thirty while educating himself through lectures and debating societies.

He entered Parliament for Glasgow Blackfriars in 1900 and served as a junior minister at the Board of Trade from 1902, emerging as a leading tariff reformer. After losing his seat in 1906 he returned for Dulwich, and in November 1911 he became Conservative leader as a compromise candidate. He campaigned fiercely against Irish Home Rule, pledging support for Ulster's resistance.

In the wartime coalitions he was Colonial Secretary under Asquith and then, declining the premiership himself, Chancellor of the Exchequer and Leader of the House under Lloyd George, later Lord Privy Seal. Ill health made him resign in 1921, but after Conservative MPs voted at the Carlton Club in October 1922 to leave the coalition he returned as party leader and prime minister, winning a majority at the general election that November. Diagnosed with throat cancer, he resigned in May 1923 and died that October, having served 211 days.