Balkan Wars
October 8, 1912 – July 18, 1913 · Balkans
Serbia, Bulgaria, Greece and Montenegro drove the Ottoman Empire out of most of Europe. They then fought each other over the spoils, and Bulgaria lost in the second war.
Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria
Balkan League and Romania
Other
Eleftherios Venizelos
belligerent leader
Pavlos Kountouriotis
belligerent leader
Alexandru Averescu
belligerent leader
Carol I of Romania
belligerent leader
Ferdinand I of Romania
belligerent leader
Radomir Putnik
belligerent leader
Stepa Stepanović
belligerent leader
Nicholas I of Montenegro
belligerent leader
Strength and losses
Ottoman Empire Strength 437,000
Bulgaria Strength 600,000
Serbia Strength 348,000
Greece Strength 148,000
Montenegro Strength 44,500
Battles and events 4
-
First Balkan War October 8, 1912 – May 30, 1913 · Balkan League victory
- Battle of Kardzhali October 21, 1912 · Bulgarian victory
- Battle of Sarantaporo October 22–23, 1912 · Greek victory
- Battle of Kirk Kilisse October 22–24, 1912 · Bulgarian victory
- Battle of Kumanovo October 23–24, 1912 · Serbian victory
- Battle of Pente Pigadia October 23 – November 3, 1912 · Greek victory
- Battle of Lule Burgas October 28 – November 2, 1912 · Bulgarian victory
- Siege of Scutari (1912–1913) October 28, 1912 – April 23, 1913 · Montenegrin–Serbian victory
- Battle of Yenidje November 2, 1912 · Greek victory
- Battle of Sorovich November 2–6, 1912 · Ottoman victory
- Siege of Adrianople (1912–1913) November 3, 1912 – March 26, 1913 · Bulgarian-Serbian victory
- Battle of Prilep November 3–5, 1912 · Serbian victory
- Battle of Monastir November 16–19, 1912 · Serbian victory
- First Battle of Çatalca November 17–18, 1912 · Ottoman victory
- Himara revolt of 1912 November 18, 1912
- Battle of Kaliakra (1912) November 21, 1912 · Bulgarian victory
- Battle of Driskos November 26–28, 1912 · Ottoman victory
- Battle of Merhamli November 27, 1912 · Bulgarian victory
- Battle of Lumë December 6, 1912 · Serbian military victory
- Battle of Elli December 16, 1912 · Greek victory
- Capture of Korytsa December 20, 1912 · Greek victory
- Battle of Lemnos (1913) January 18, 1913 · Greek victory
- Battle of Bulair January 26, 1913 · Bulgarian victory
- Battle of Şarköy February 9–11, 1913 · Bulgarian victory
- Battle of Bizani March 4–6, 1913 · Greek victory
- Second Battle of Çatalca April 3, 1913 · Small territorial gains for the Bulgarians
- Blockade of Montenegro April 10 – May 14, 1913
- Treaty of London (1913) May 30, 1913
-
Second Balkan War June 29 – August 10, 1913 · Bulgarian defeat
- Battle of Bregalnica June 30 – July 9, 1913 · Serbian/Montenegrin victory
- Battle of Kilkis–Lachanas July 2–4, 1913 · Greek victory
- Battle for Knjaževac July 4–7, 1913 · Bulgarian victory
- Battle of Pirot (1913) July 6–8, 1913 · Serbian victory
- Battle of Kalimanci July 19, 1913 · Bulgarian victory
- Battle of Kresna Gorge July 21–31, 1913 · Inconclusive
- Siege of Adrianople (1913) July 22–23, 1913 · Ottoman victory
- Siege of Vidin (1913) July 12–18, 1913 · Bulgarian victory
Before and after
- Ended by
- Treaty of Bucharest (1913) August 10, 1913
Treaty of Constantinople (1913) September 29, 1913
Related events
Also involved 26
- Essad Toptani
- Pencho Zlatev
- Stylianos Gonatas
- Nikolaos Plastiras
- Janko Vukotić
- Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
- Refik Saydam
- Ali Fethi Okyar
- Dušan Simović
- Danilo Kalafatović
- Milorad Petrović
- Cevat Çobanlı
- Rüştü Sakarya
- Prince Andrew of Greece and Denmark
- Georgios Hatzianestis
- Nikolaos Trikoupis
- Constantin Prezan
- Dimitrios Matthaiopoulos
- Ptolemaios Sarigiannis
- Hafiz Hakki Pasha
- Mahmud Shevket Pasha
- Abdul Rahman Hassan Azzam
- Mürsel Bakü
- Ali Fuat Cebesoy