✦ History

Part of Balkan Wars

First Balkan War

October 8, 1912 – May 30, 1913 · Balkan theater (representative)

Result Balkan League victory

War between the Balkan League (Serbia, Bulgaria, Greece, Montenegro) and the Ottoman Empire. Ended with the Treaty of London; heightened tensions that fed into the July Crisis of 1914.

On the map Overview Contemporaries

Balkan League

Ottoman Empire

Other

Serbia
Bulgaria
Greece
Montenegro
Ottoman Empire
Eleftherios Venizelos belligerent leader Pavlos Kountouriotis military commander Janko Vukotić military commander Peter I of Serbia military commander Alexander I of Yugoslavia military commander Radko Dimitriev military commander Ferdinand I of Bulgaria military commander Mihail Savov military commander
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Vasil Kutinchev military commander Radomir Putnik military commander Stepa Stepanović military commander Nicholas I of Montenegro military commander Danilo, Crown Prince of Montenegro military commander Radomir Vešović military commander Nikola Ivanov military commander Georgi Vazov military commander Petar Bojović military commander Constantine I of Greece military commander Konstantinos Sapountzakis military commander Dimitrios Matthaiopoulos military commander Vladimir Vazov military commander
Mehmed V belligerent leader Enver Pasha military commander Rauf Orbay military commander Zeki Kolaç military commander Hasan Riza Pasha military commander Abdullah Kölemen military commander Mehmed Şükrü Paşa military commander Nazim Pasha military commander
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Hasan Tahsin Pasha military commander Mehmet Esat Bülkat military commander İsmail Hakkı Okday military commander Mahmud Shevket Pasha military commander

Strength and losses

Greece Killed c. 5,000

Bulgaria Killed c. 32,000

Killed
50,000
Wounded
100,000
Captured
115,000

Ottoman Empire Killed c. 30,000

Killed
c. 82,000

Units

Bulgarian Second Army (1912–1913) Bulgarian Third Army (1912–1913) First Army (Serbia) Fourth Army (Bulgaria) Greek Army of Thessaly (1912–1913) Montenegrin army (1912–1913) Second Army (Serbia) Third Army (Serbia) 1st Infantry Division (Greece) 2nd Mechanized Infantry Division 3rd Infantry Division (Greece) 4th Infantry Division (Greece) 6th Infantry Division (Greece) 8th Infantry Division (Greece) 5th Airmobile Brigade 1/38 National Guard Command Greek fleet (1912–1913)
Eastern Army (Ottoman Empire) Vardar Army VII Corps (Ottoman Empire) X Corps (Ottoman Empire)

Battles and events 26

Key events

1912 20 events
1913 6 events

Before and after

Followed from
Italo-Turkish War September 29, 1911 – October 18, 1912
Ended by
Treaty of London (1913) May 30, 1913
Treaty of Athens November 14, 1913
Led to
Second Balkan War June 29 – August 10, 1913

Related events 1 degree away • 2 degrees away

1912
1913
1914
 
Italo-Turkish War
 
First Balkan War
 
Treaty of London (1913)
 
Second Balkan War
 
Treaty of Athens
 
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

Also involved 26

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