✦ History

Battle of the Atlantic

September 3, 1939 – May 8, 1945

Result Allied victory

Longest continuous campaign of the Second World War, in which German U-boats and aircraft tried to cut the Allied sea routes across the Atlantic. Convoys, air cover, radar and broken German codes turned the campaign against the U-boats in 1943.

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Battles 12

1941 – 1945
Battle of the Caribbean Allied victory Caribbean Sea · Gulf of Mexico · Antilles Karl Dönitz, Erich Raeder, Isaías Medina Angarita
May 18–27, 1941
Operation Rheinübung Atlantic Ocean
May 24, 1941
Battle of the Denmark Strait German victory Denmark Strait John Leach, Ralph Kerr, Lancelot Holland
January 14 – August 31, 1942
Second Happy Time Atlantic Ocean
February 13, 1942
Channel Dash German victory English Channel Bertram Home Ramsay
March 1942
Operation Neuland Axis victory Caribbean Sea Karl Dönitz
March 28, 1942
St Nazaire Raid British victory Saint-Nazaire
April 29 – May 24, 1943
Black May (World War II) British victory Atlantic Ocean Karl Dönitz
October 22–23, 1943
Battle of Sept-Îles German victory
December 28, 1943
Battle of the Bay of Biscay British victory Bay of Biscay
October 29, 1944
Operation Obviate Inconclusive Tromsø Municipality
November 12, 1944
Operation Catechism British victory Norway

Key commanders

Allies 9

Winston Churchill Prime Minister Leonard W. Murray military commander Dudley Pound military commander Andrew Cunningham, 1st Viscount Cunningham of Hyndhope military commander Bertram Home Ramsay military commander John Leach military commander Ralph Kerr military commander Lancelot Holland military commander Isaías Medina Angarita military commander

Axis 3

Karl Dönitz military commander Erich Raeder military commander Hans-Georg von Friedeburg military commander