July Crisis
June 28 – August 6, 1914 · Vienna and other European capitals
Chain of diplomatic and military escalations in mid-1914 that led to World War I. It began with the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria-Hungary and his wife by Gavrilo Princip in Sarajevo on 28 June 1914. Austria-Hungary's ultimatum to Serbia, backed by Germany's guarantee of support, activated the alliance system, and most major European powers were at war by early August.
Key people
Nicholas II of Russia
Supported Serbia, Czar of Russian Empire · Allies
Wilhelm II
German Emperor, guaranteed support for Austria · Central Powers
Franz Joseph I of Austria
Austrian Emperor, on vacation · Central Powers
Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria
Victim
Raymond Poincaré
President of France · Allies
Theobald von Bethmann Hollweg
chancellor · Central Powers
Participants
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Austria-Hungary
Central Powers
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German Empire
Central Powers
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Serbia
Allies
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Russian Empire
Allies
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France
Allies
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United Kingdom
Allies
Related events
1915
1916
1917
1918