✦ History

Spanish Civil War

July 17, 1936 – April 1, 1939 · Spain

Result Nationalist victory

Civil war in Spain, 1936-1939, between the left-leaning Republican government backed by the Soviet Union and Nationalist rebels backed by Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy. The war began with the partial failure of the July 1936 military coup; the Nationalists won in early 1939, and General Francisco Franco, who declared victory on 1 April, ruled Spain until his death in 1975.

On the map Overview Contemporaries

Republicans

Nationalists (Spanish Civil War)

Other

Soviet Union
Mexico
Second Spanish Republic
Euzko Gudarostea
Germany
Italy
Nationalist Spain
Manuel Azaña Francisco Largo Caballero belligerent leader Juan Negrín belligerent leader José Miaja military commander Vicente Rojo Lluch military commander
Francisco Franco José Enrique Varela military commander Fidel Dávila Arrondo military commander Juan Yagüe Blanco military commander Gonzalo Queipo de Llano military commander Emilio Mola military commander José Sanjurjo military commander

Strength and losses

Killed
110,000
Tanks
200
Aircraft
350
Killed
c. 309,400

Units

International Brigades Chivu Stoica Ermenegildo Gasperoni Ferenc Münnich George Orwell Karol Świerczewski Colonel General Mehmet Shehu General Shimon Avidan Sgan Aluf Willy Brandt XV International Brigade Rákosi Battalion Republican Army of the Ebro Republican defence of Madrid Spanish Republican Army Andalusian Army Extremaduran Army
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42nd Division (Spain) 1st Mixed Brigade Fifth Regiment Spanish Republican Navy Luis González de Ubieta 1936–1939
Army of Africa (Spain) German Army (1935–1945) Adolf Strauss Generaloberst Claus von Stauffenberg Erhard Raus Generaloberst Ernst von Leyser Fridolin von Senger und Etterlin Friedrich Hoßbach General Friedrich Köchling General Friedrich Paulus Friedrich Wiese Georg Stumme General Gerhard von Schwerin General Der Panzertruppe Günther von Kluge General Hans Feige General of the Cavalry Hans Jordan General Hermann Breith General Hugo Sperrle Johannes Blaskowitz Generaloberst Josef Harpe Generaloberst Karl-Adolf Hollidt Generaloberst Kurt Zeitzler Maximilian Fretter-Pico General Maximilian de Angelis General of the Artillery Maximilian von Herff Nikolaus von Vormann General Der Panzertruppe Prince Ernest Augustus of Hanover (born 1914) Reiner Stahel General Rudolf von Bünau Lieutenant Colonel Werner Kempf General Wilhelm List Erwin Rommel 1935–1944 Italian Army Nationalist Army of the North Royal Italian Army Alessandro Fortis Alfredo Guzzoni General Annibale Bergonzoli General Armando Diaz General Carlo Azeglio Ciampi Sub-lieutenant Curio Barbasetti di Prun Ettore Baldassarre Divisional General Ettore Bastico General Gastone Gambara General Giovanni Gronchi Giovanni Leone Giuseppe Arimondi Major General Giuseppe De Stefanis General Giuseppe Saragat Lieutenant Giuseppe Tellera General Luigi Capello General Mariano Rumor Sub-lieutenant Oreste Baratieri General Pietro Frugoni General Prince Amedeo, 3rd Duke of Aosta General Roberto Brusati General Sandro Pertini Lieutenant Sebastiano Gallina Siad Barre Major General Tancredi Saletta Lieutenant General Vittorio Ambrosio General Vittorio Dabormida Divisional General Italo Gariboldi General · 1899–1943 Giovanni Messe Marshal of Italy · 1901–1946 Rodolfo Graziani Marshal of Italy · 1903–1943 4th Infantry Division "Littorio" Corpo Truppe Volontarie Ettore Bastico Mario Roatta Gastone Gambara 1938–1939 1st CC.NN. Division "Dio lo Vuole"
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2nd CC.NN. Division "Fiamme Nere" 3rd CC.NN. Division "Penne Nere" Kriegsmarine Regia Marina Spanish cruiser Baleares Aviazione Legionaria Luftwaffe Albert Kesselring Alexander Löhr Colonel General Alfred Schlemm General Der Fallschirmtruppe Hans Graf von Sponeck Generalleutnant Helmut Schmidt Oberleutnant Hermann Göring Reichsmarschall Hugo Sperrle Karl Carstens Kurt Kuhlmey General Kurt Student Generaloberst Leonhard Kaupisch General Der Flieger Max Pruss Otto Deßloch Colonel General Prince Christoph of Hesse Walter Scheel Senior Lieutenant Werner Junck Lieutenant General Wolfram von Richthofen Generalfeldmarschall Condor Legion Hugo Sperrle Wolfram von Richthofen
Antifascist Worker and Peasant Militias Ascaso Column Eastern Army (Spain) Spanish Air and Space Force Spanish Army Alfonso Beorlegui Canet Colonel Antonio Castejón Espinosa Teniente General Antonio Cordón García General Arsenio Linares y Pombo General Bernardo de Gálvez General Carlos Asensio Cabanillas Lieutenant General Carlos Romero Giménez Colonel Diego Felípez de Guzmán, 1st Marquis of Leganés General Felipe VI of Spain Francisco García-Escámez General Francisco de Melo General Gaspar de Guzmán, Count-Duke of Olivares General Gonzalo Queipo de Llano General Hernán Cortés General Joaquín Ezpeleta Enrile Field Marshal José Carrillo de Albornoz, 1st Duke of Montemar General José Fernando de Abascal y Sousa Captain General of the Army José Miaja Lieutenant General José Moscardó Ituarte General José Sanjurjo Lieutenant General José Solchaga General José de Urrea General Juan Francisco de Bette, 3rd Marquis of Lede General Leopoldo Menéndez General Louis Des Balbes de Berton de Crillon, duc de Mahon Captain General of the Army Miguel Primo de Rivera, 2nd Marquis of Estella General Pedro Pablo Abarca de Bolea, 10th Count of Aranda Captain General of the Army Pedro de Alcántara Téllez Girón General Rafael García Valiño Teniente General Sebastián Pozas Perea General Toussaint Louverture Pablo Morillo 1791–present 49th Mixed Brigade

Battles and events 59

Key events

1936 25 events
1937 21 events
1938 12 events
1939 1 event

Related events 1 degree away • 2 degrees away

1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
 
Spanish Civil War
 
World War II

Also involved 46

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