Parma

Duchy of Parma and Piacenza de facto · 1789 – December 31, 1807 (from the border data)
France de facto · October 14, 1808 – April 12, 1814 (from the border data)
Duchy of Parma and Piacenza de facto · April 11, 1814 – December 2, 1859 (from the border data)
Kingdom of Sardinia de facto · March 24, 1860 – March 17, 1861 (from the border data)
Italy de facto · March 17, 1861 – September 7, 1943 (from the border data)
Germany de facto · September 9, 1943 – April 24, 1945 Military occupation (from the border data)
Italy de facto · since April 29, 1945 (from the border data)

Duchy of Parma and Piacenza September 26, 1545 – December 3, 1859 From Wikidata (capital, P36)