Italy
State · Capital: Rome
Italy, officially the Italian Republic, is a country in Southern and Western Europe covering a peninsula extending into the Mediterranean Sea plus nearly 800 islands; with nearly 59 million inhabitants it is the third-most populous EU member state, and its capital is Rome. After centuries of political and territorial division, the Kingdom of Italy was established in 1861 following wars of independence and the Expedition of the Thousand. In 1922 a fascist dictatorship was established, and during World War II Italy was first part of the Axis until an armistice with the Allied powers, then a co-belligerent of the Allies after 1943. In 1946 the monarchy was replaced by a republic and the country made a strong economic recovery.
Office holders on October 14, 2026
Offices
| Office | Holders | Years |
|---|---|---|
| King | 4 | 1861–1946 |
| Prime Minister | 111 | 1861–present |
| President | 12 | 1948–present |
Relations
- Colonies: Italian East Africa (1936–1941)
- Member of Triple Alliance (1882–1915), Axis powers (1936–1943), NATO (1949–), European Coal and Steel Community (1952–2002), United Nations (1955–), European Economic Community (1958–1993), G7 (1975–), European Union (1993–)
- Parties and groups: Christian Democracy (Italy), Italian Socialist Party, Italian Liberal Party, Italian People's Party (1994), Democratic Party (Italy), Democracy is Freedom – The Daisy
Military units
Royal Italian Army · Italian Army of the Mincio (1866) · Italian fleet (1866) · Italian First Army (1915–1918) · Italian Fourth Army (1915–1918) · Italian Second Army (1915–1918) · Italian Third Army (1915–1918) · Italian Eighth Army (1918) · Royal Italian Air Force · Corpo Truppe Volontarie · 131st Armored Division "Centauro" · Italian 10th Army (1940) · Italian 6th Army (1943) · Italian Army · Italian Army in Russia