Rome
City
Capital of the Papal States and, from 1871, of the Kingdom of Italy and the Italian Republic.
Held by
- 1789 – February 17, 1798 Papal States
- February 18, 1798 – September 17, 1799 Roman Republic (1798–1799)
- June 1, 1800 – May 17, 1809 Papal States
- May 17, 1809 – April 12, 1814 France
- June 9, 1815 – September 20, 1870 Papal States
- September 20, 1870 – September 7, 1943 Italy
- September 9, 1943 – June 4, 1944 Germany Military occupation
- since August 25, 1944 Italy
Capital of
- February 15, 1798 – September 30, 1799 Roman Republic (1798–1799)
- since July 1, 1871 Italy
- until September 20, 1870 Papal States
- Vatican City
Events here 21
- March 18, 1848 – January 26, 1871 Italian unification
- September 20, 1870 Capture of Rome
- October 27–29, 1922 March on Rome
- February 11, 1929 – June 3, 1985 Lateran Treaty
- 1933 Four-Power Pact
- March 24, 1944 Ardeatine massacre
- November 4, 1950 European Convention on Human Rights
- December 6, 1951 International Plant Protection Convention
- March 25, 1957 Treaty of Rome
- March 25, 1957 Euratom Treaty
- October 11, 1962 – December 8, 1965 Second Vatican Council
- March 1, 1968 – October 23, 1988 Years of Lead
- December 7, 1970 Golpe Borghese
- March 16 – May 9, 1978 Kidnapping and murder of Aldo Moro
- May 13, 1981 Attempted assassination of Pope John Paul II
- October 4, 1992 Rome General Peace Accords
- July 17, 1998 Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court
- October 29, 2004 Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe
- March 2013 – March 13, 2013 2013 conclave
- October 30–31, 2021 2021 G20 Rome summit
- May 7–8, 2025 2025 papal conclave