American Indian Wars

1609 – 1924 · North America

Three centuries of wars between European colonists, later the United States and Canada, and Native American nations, which ended with the conquest of the continent and the confinement of its peoples to reservations.

On the map Overview Contemporaries

Comanche

Kingdom of England

Other

Comanche

Muscogee Confederacy

Kingdom of England

Great Britain

United Kingdom

Spain

Viceroyalty of New Spain

Russian Empire

United States

Mexico

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France

Units

Confederate States Army 10th Infantry Regiment (United States) 21st Infantry Regiment (United States) 24th Infantry Regiment 3rd Air Defense Artillery Regiment 6th Infantry Regiment (United States) 7th Cavalry Regiment 9th Infantry Regiment (United States)

Battles and events 39

Key events

Northwest Indian War 1785 – 1795 · United States victory
- Harmar campaign October 7–22, 1790 · Northwestern Confederacy victory
- Big Bottom massacre January 2, 1791
- St. Clair's defeat November 4, 1791 · Northwestern Confederacy victory
- Battle of Fallen Timbers August 20, 1794 · United States victory
Tecumseh's War August 1810 – October 5, 1813 · American victory
- Battle of Tippecanoe November 7, 1811 · United States victory
Seminole Wars 1816 – 1858 · Most Seminoles removed from Florida, a few small bands remained
Texas–Indian wars 1820 – 1882
- Battle of Plum Creek August 12, 1840 · Inconclusive
- Apache Wars 1849 – 1924 · United States victory
  - Jicarilla War 1849 – 1855 · United States victory
  - Victorio's War August 1879 – October 1880 · Joint Mexico–U.S. victory
Arikara War August 1823 · Indecisive
Black Hawk War April 6 – August 27, 1832 · American victory
Second Seminole War December 23, 1835 – August 14, 1842
- Dade battle December 28, 1835 · Seminole victory
Battle of the Washita River November 27, 1868
Great Sioux War of 1876 1876 – December 31, 1877 · United States victory
- Battle of Powder River March 17, 1876
- Battle of the Rosebud June 17, 1876 · Lakota and Cheyenne victory
- Battle of the Little Bighorn June 25–26, 1876 · Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho victory
- Battle of Warbonnet Creek July 17, 1876 · United States victory
- Battle of Slim Buttes September 9–10, 1876 · United States victory
- Battle of Cedar Creek (1876) October 21, 1876 · United States tactical victory
- Dull Knife Fight November 25, 1876 · United States victory
- Battle of Wolf Mountain January 8, 1877 · American victory
- Battle of Little Muddy Creek May 7, 1877 · American victory
Nez Perce War June 1877 – October 1877 · United States victory
- Battle of White Bird Canyon June 17, 1877 · Nez Perce Victory
- Battle of Cottonwood July 3–5, 1877 · Nez Perce Victory
- Battle of the Clearwater July 11–12, 1877 · United States victory
- Battle of the Big Hole August 9, 1877 · Inconclusive
- Battle of Canyon Creek September 13, 1877 · Nez Perce victory
- Battle of Bear Paw September 30 – October 5, 1877 · United States decisive victory
North-West Rebellion March 26 – June 3, 1885
- Frog Lake Massacre April 2, 1885
- Battle of Cut Knife May 2, 1885 · Cree–Assiniboine victory
- Battle of Batoche May 9–12, 1885 · Canadian victory
Wounded Knee Massacre December 29, 1890

1609 1 event

Beaver Wars July 1609 – August 4, 1701 · Indecisive; Great Peace of Montreal

1636 1 event

Pequot War July 1636 – September 1638 · Treaty of Hartford

1675 1 event

King Philip's War June 20, 1675 – April 12, 1678 · New England victory; Treaty of Casco Bay

1711 1 event

Tuscarora War September 10, 1711 – February 11, 1715 · British colonial victory

1715 1 event

Yamasee War 1715 – 1717 · Colonial government victory

1722 1 event

Dummer's War July 25, 1722 – December 15, 1725 · Dummer's Treaty

1763 1 event

Pontiac's War April 27, 1763 – July 25, 1766

1774 1 event

Lord Dunmore's War May 1774 – October 1774 · Virginian victory
- Battle of Point Pleasant October 10, 1774 · Virginian victory

1782 1 event

Battle of Blue Licks August 19, 1782 · British-Indigenous victory

1784 1 event

Awa'uq Massacre August 14, 1784

1785 1 event

Northwest Indian War 1785 – 1795 · United States victory
- Harmar campaign October 7–22, 1790 · Northwestern Confederacy victory
- Big Bottom massacre January 2, 1791
- St. Clair's defeat November 4, 1791 · Northwestern Confederacy victory
- Battle of Fallen Timbers August 20, 1794 · United States victory

1804 1 event

Battle of Sitka October 1804 · Russian victory

1810 1 event

Tecumseh's War August 1810 – October 5, 1813 · American victory
- Battle of Tippecanoe November 7, 1811 · United States victory

1816 1 event

Seminole Wars 1816 – 1858 · Most Seminoles removed from Florida, a few small bands remained

1820 1 event

Texas–Indian wars 1820 – 1882
- Battle of Plum Creek August 12, 1840 · Inconclusive
- Apache Wars 1849 – 1924 · United States victory
  - Jicarilla War 1849 – 1855 · United States victory
  - Victorio's War August 1879 – October 1880 · Joint Mexico–U.S. victory

1823 1 event

Arikara War August 1823 · Indecisive

1827 1 event

Winnebago War June 27 – September 22, 1827 · United States victory

1832 1 event

Black Hawk War April 6 – August 27, 1832 · American victory

1835 1 event

Second Seminole War December 23, 1835 – August 14, 1842
- Dade battle December 28, 1835 · Seminole victory

1840 1 event

Great Raid of 1840 1840 · Comanche victory

1847 1 event

Cayuse War 1847 – 1855 · United States victory
- Whitman massacre November 29, 1847

1849 2 events

Jicarilla War 1849 – 1855 · United States victory
Ute Wars 1849 – 1923 · United States victory
- White River War October 5, 1879

1854 1 event

Sioux Wars August 19, 1854 – January 1891 · United States victory, Sioux moved to reservations
- Grattan massacre August 19, 1854 · Lakota victory
- Battle of Ash Hollow September 3, 1855 · United States victory
- Dakota War of 1862 August 17 – December 26, 1862 · United States victory
  - Attack at the Lower Sioux Agency August 18, 1862 · Santee Sioux victory
  - Battles of New Ulm August 19, 1862 · Santee Sioux defeat (attacks repulsed; city temporarily evacuated following day)
  - Battle of Fort Ridgely August 20–22, 1862 · United States victory
  - Battle of Wood Lake September 23, 1862 · United States victory
- Battle of Big Mound July 24, 1863 · U.S. victory
- Battle of Stony Lake July 28, 1863 · United States victory
- Battle of Whitestone Hill September 3–5, 1863 · United States victory
- Battle of Killdeer Mountain July 28–29, 1864 · United States victory
- Battle of the Badlands August 7–9, 1864 · United States victory
- Powder River Expedition (1865) July 1 – October 4, 1865 · Stalemate
- Red Cloud's War 1866 – 1868 · Native American victory
  - Fetterman Fight December 21, 1866 · Native American victory
  - Hayfield Fight August 1, 1867 · U.S. victory
- Ghost Dance War December 29, 1890 – January 15, 1891 · United States victory

1855 2 events

Yakima War 1855 – 1858 · United States victory
Rogue River Wars 1855 – 1856 · United States Victory

1863 2 events

Colorado War 1863 – 1865 · Inconclusive
- Sand Creek massacre November 29, 1864
- Battle of Platte Bridge July 26, 1865 · Indian victory
Bear River Massacre January 29, 1863

1868 2 events

Battle of Beecher Island September 17–25, 1868 · United States victory
Battle of the Washita River November 27, 1868

1869 1 event

Battle of Summit Springs July 11, 1869 · United States victory

1872 1 event

Modoc War July 6, 1872 – June 4, 1873 · United States victory

1874 1 event

Red River War 1874 – 1875 · United States victory; end of the Texas–Indian wars

1876 1 event

Great Sioux War of 1876 1876 – December 31, 1877 · United States victory
- Battle of Powder River March 17, 1876
- Battle of the Rosebud June 17, 1876 · Lakota and Cheyenne victory
- Battle of the Little Bighorn June 25–26, 1876 · Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho victory
- Battle of Warbonnet Creek July 17, 1876 · United States victory
- Battle of Slim Buttes September 9–10, 1876 · United States victory
- Battle of Cedar Creek (1876) October 21, 1876 · United States tactical victory
- Dull Knife Fight November 25, 1876 · United States victory
- Battle of Wolf Mountain January 8, 1877 · American victory
- Battle of Little Muddy Creek May 7, 1877 · American victory

1877 1 event

Nez Perce War June 1877 – October 1877 · United States victory
- Battle of White Bird Canyon June 17, 1877 · Nez Perce Victory
- Battle of Cottonwood July 3–5, 1877 · Nez Perce Victory
- Battle of the Clearwater July 11–12, 1877 · United States victory
- Battle of the Big Hole August 9, 1877 · Inconclusive
- Battle of Canyon Creek September 13, 1877 · Nez Perce victory
- Battle of Bear Paw September 30 – October 5, 1877 · United States decisive victory

1878 1 event

Bannock War June 1878 – September 1878 · United States victory

1885 1 event

North-West Rebellion March 26 – June 3, 1885
- Frog Lake Massacre April 2, 1885
- Battle of Cut Knife May 2, 1885 · Cree–Assiniboine victory
- Battle of Batoche May 9–12, 1885 · Canadian victory