✦ History

Part of World War I

German spring offensive

March 21 – July 18, 1918 · West Flanders

Germany launched a series of major attacks on the Western Front to win the war before American troops arrived. The offensives gained much ground but exhausted the German army.

On the map Overview Contemporaries

Central Powers

Allies

Other

German Empire
France
United Kingdom
United States
Italy
Dominion of Newfoundland
Portugal
Belgium
Paul von Hindenburg military commander Erich Ludendorff military commander Wilhelm, German Crown Prince military commander Albrecht, Duke of Württemberg military commander Rupprecht, Crown Prince of Bavaria military commander Max von Gallwitz military commander
Ferdinand Foch military commander Philippe Pétain military commander Albert I of Belgium military commander Paul Maistre military commander Émile Fayolle military commander Douglas Haig, 1st Earl Haig military commander Édouard de Castelnau military commander Louis Franchet d'Espèrey military commander

Strength and losses

Casualties
688,341
Casualties
863,374

Units

17th Army (German Empire) 18th Army (German Empire) 19th Army (German Empire) 6th Army (German Empire) 7th Army (German Empire) XXVII Reserve Corps (German Empire) 103rd Infantry Division (German Empire) 105th Infantry Division (German Empire) 107th Infantry Division (German Empire) 109th Infantry Division (German Empire) 10th Division (German Empire) 111th Infantry Division (German Empire) 113th Infantry Division (German Empire) 117th Infantry Division (German Empire) 119th Infantry Division (German Empire) 121st Infantry Division (German Empire) 12th Division (German Empire) 13th Division (German Empire) 14th Division (German Empire) 15th Division (German Empire) 16th Division (German Empire) 17th Division (German Empire) 18th Division (German Empire) 19th Division (German Empire) 20th Division (German Empire) 21st Division (German Empire) 22nd Division (German Empire) 242nd Infantry Division (German Empire) 243rd Infantry Division (German Empire) 25th Division (German Empire) 26th Division (German Empire) 27th Division (German Empire) 28th Division (German Empire) 31st Division (German Empire) 33rd Division (German Empire) 34th Division (German Empire) 36th Division (German Empire) 37th Division (German Empire) 39th Division (German Empire) 41st Division (German Empire) 47th Reserve Division 4th Division (German Empire) 50th Infantry Division (German Empire) 5th Division (German Empire) 7th Division (German Empire) 88th Infantry Division (German Empire) 8th Division (German Empire)
American Expeditionary Forces 16th (Irish) Division 31st Division (United Kingdom) 32nd Division (United Kingdom) 51st (Highland) Division 58th (2/1st London) Division 93rd Infantry Division (United States) 9th (Scottish) Division
123rd Infantry Division (German Empire) 1st Division (German Empire) 23rd Division (German Empire) 24th Division (German Empire) 9th Division (German Empire)

Battles 3

Also involved 2