German Revolution
October 29, 1918 – August 11, 1919 · Berlin and Kiel
The 1918-1919 revolution that toppled the German Empire and set the stage for the Weimar Republic. Kiel sailors mutinied on 29 October 1918, councils spread the revolt, and a republic was proclaimed 9 November as Wilhelm II fled. Ebert's parliamentary republicans defeated those seeking a soviet-style council republic; it ended with the Weimar Constitution of 11 August 1919.
Key people
Wilhelm II
Emperor, German Empire · Government
Paul von Hindenburg
Erich Ludendorff
Government
Wilhelm Groener
Government
Matthias Erzberger
belligerent leader · Government
Prince Maximilian of Baden
belligerent leader · Government
Friedrich Ebert
belligerent leader · Government
Philipp Scheidemann
belligerent leader · Government
Ludwig III of Bavaria
military commander · Government
Franz von Hipper
military commander · Government
Rosa Luxemburg
belligerent leader · Revolutionaries
Karl Liebknecht
belligerent leader · Revolutionaries
Participants
-
German Empire
Government
-
Germany
Government
-
Social Democratic Party of Germany
Government
-
Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany
Revolutionaries
-
Spartacus League
Revolutionaries
-
Communist Party of Germany
Revolutionaries
- International Communists of Germany Revolutionaries
- Revolutionary Stewards Revolutionaries
-
Bavarian Soviet Republic
Revolutionaries
-
Bremen Soviet Republic
Revolutionaries
-
Russia
Revolutionaries
Battles and events 1
- Spartacist uprising January 5–12, 1919
Related events
1897
1900
1903
1906
1909
1912
1915
1918
1921
1924
1927
1930
1933
German Revolution